Polio this week as of 7 December 2016
As we approach the end of this calendar year we are blessed with the news of only one new case of polio in this week’s report. And as you will see in the “Headlines” of this current report the method of immunizing against Polio is being re-engineered to be sure all potential outbreaks are “crushed” before they have a chance to affect anyone. All of this process is highly scientific methodology and requires time and financial resource. Let us not let up now that we are so close to accomplishing this major feat.
Wild poliovirus type 1 and Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus cases
Headlines
The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization (SAGE) has published its most recent recommendations:
in light of the global supply constraints of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), SAGE strongly recommended that countries
start preparing for two doses of fractional IPV (fIPV) in lieu of a single full dose. Various studies have now
demonstrated that two doses of fIPV is better than one full dose of IPV at boosting not just humoral immunity, but in
OPV-primed populations also mucosal immunity (critical to interrupting virus transmission in a community). This
approach could significantly improve the global IPV supply situation, by reducing the volume of IPV needed to cover a
population. Some countries are already increasing their use of fIPV, both in routine and supplementary immunization
activities. FIPV, alongside OPV, has also been shown to be an effective tool in outbreak settings and can be
operationally implemented even in supplementary immunization activities.
Health workers in conflict-affected areas continue to work towards containment of poliovirus and surveillance in the
face of tremendous security challenges. Accounts of their work formed a highlight of the meeting of the WHO Regional
Office for the Eastern Mediterranean last week on next steps to implement the WHO Global Action Plan for Poliovirus
Containment (GAP III) and its newly released Containment Certification Scheme (CCS) and to update National Action
Plans for containment. Polio National Certification Chairs, National Coordinators for containment and major
laboratories and facilities were in attendance.
Afghanistan: No new wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) cases were reported in the past week. The total number of
WPV1 cases for 2016 remains 12. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 12 October, from Bermal district,
Paktika province. Six of the country’s 12 cases are from Bermal district.
Pakistan: One new wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) case was reported in the past week, from Badin district in
south-eastern Sindh, with onset of paralysis on 21 October, bringing the total number of WPV1 cases for 2016 to 18.
Nigeria: No new cases of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) were reported in the past week. The total number of
WPV1 cases for 2016 remains four. The most recent case had onset of paralysis on 21 August, from Monguno Local
Government Area (LGA), Borno.